摘要
目的 总结早产儿胃潴留的评估及处理的最佳证据，为护理人员临床实践提供参考。方法 计算机检索国内外循证资源及文献数据库中关于早产儿胃潴留的评估及处理的指南、证据总结、专家共识、系统评价等证据，检索时限为建库至2019年7月15日。由3名研究者对检索到的文献进行评价和资料提取，对符合质量标准的文献进行证据提取。结果 共纳入3篇文献，其中2篇指南、1篇专家共识，获取6条最佳证据并归纳为3个方面的推荐意见，分别为胃潴留评估的时机、胃潴留物的颜色的评估、胃潴留的处理。结论 医护人员可根据病房实际情况，选择合适的证据应用于临床，促进早产儿胃潴留的评估和处理的规范形成，减少早产儿并发症发生，促进其体质量增长和神经系统发育，缩短平均住院日。
关键词： 早产儿；低出生体重儿；营养；肠内营养；胃潴留
Abstract
Objective To summarize the assessment of the premature gastric retention and deal with the best evidence, which can be used as reference for the clinical nursing methods of computer retrieval evidence-based resource and literature database at home and abroad about premature gastric retention in the assessment and treatment guidelines summarize evidence expert consensus system evaluation of evidence, and the retrieval time for libraries to July 15, 2019 by the three researchers to evaluate the retrieved literature and information extraction, the evidence of the literature of quality standard extraction results were incorporated into three articles, including 2 guide 1 expert consensus, for obtaining the best evidence and summarized six recommendations for three aspects, respectively to the evaluation of the gastric retention time gastric retention of the color of the evaluation of gastric retention processing conclusion medical personnel can according to the actual circumstance of the ward, choosing the appropriate evidence is applied in clinical, promote premature evaluation of gastric retention and deal with the specification of the formation, reduce premature complications, promote the development of the nervous system in the body growth and quality, shorten the average such confinement.
Key words： Premature Infants With Low Birth Weight; Nutrition; Enteral Nutrition; Gastric Retention
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