The analysis of occurrence and risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia in critical medical department
重症医学科呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生及其危险因素分析

摘要

目的：探析重症医学科呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生情况，并对其危险因素进行详细的分析，以此为临床工作提供参考。方法：本次研究选取于我院2019年1月~2020年1月重症医学科收治的接受机械通气患者作为研究对象，共计150例。采用回顾性分析法，对患者的病例及临床资料进行详细的分析，统计患者发生呼吸机相关性肺炎的状况，并总结导致发生该状况的危险因素，以便为临床工作提供依据。结果：通过对呼吸机相关肺炎的危险因素分析得知，其主要危险因素包括：机械通气时间和留置胃管等，具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：为了预防患者发生呼吸机相关肺炎，临床中应该对其危险因素进行明确，并采用正确的措施进行处理，如对患者机械通气停止的可能性进行评估，减少机械通气时间，加强环境消毒和口腔护理，同时相关医护人员要对自身专业水平进行提升，以上对于预防和减少呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生有着重要作用。

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critical medical department, and to analyze its risk factors in detail to provide a reference for clinical work.
Methods: This study selected 150 patients who received mechanical ventilation in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 and received mechanical ventilation. The retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the patient's case and clinical data in detail, and the status of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients was counted, and the risk factors leading to the condition were summarized in order to provide a basis for clinical work.
Results: By analyzing the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia, the main risk factors including mechanical ventilation time and indwelling gastric tube were statistically significant (P <0.05).
Conclusion  : In order to prevent the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients, their risk factors should be clarified in the clinic and treated with the correct measures, such as assessing the possibility of patients with mechanical ventilation stopped, reducing the time of mechanical ventilation, strengthening environmental disinfection and Oral care. At the same time, related medical staff must improve their professional level, which has an important role in preventing and reducing the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.