Analysis of the clinical efficacy of vertebroplasty in treating elderly osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
分析椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折临床疗效

摘要

目的 分析椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折临床疗效。方法 选取在我院接受治疗的老年骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折患者64例（2025年1月至2026年1月期间）。将其以随机数字表法分为两个小组。对照组：保守治疗，观察组实施椎体成形术治疗。对两组患者在临床总有效率、不良反应发生率、不同时间段（治疗前、治疗15d后、治疗6个月后）下的椎体后凸Cobb角、椎体高度压缩率、疼痛程度评分的数据差异进行比较。结果 观察组临床治疗效果（93.75%）高于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组患者的不良反应发生率（6.25%、12.50%）显示其差异不显著（P＞0.05）。在治疗前，两组患者的椎体后凸Cobb角、椎体高度压缩率、疼痛程度评分显示其差异不显著（P＞0.05）。与对照组的治疗15d后数据对比，观察组患者的椎体后凸Cobb角、椎体高度压缩率、疼痛程度评分下降（17.75±1.71°、19.01±7.22%、4.44±1.11分）（P＜0.05）。与对照组的治疗6个月后数据对比，观察组患者的椎体后凸Cobb角、椎体高度压缩率下降（18.22±0.77°、17.02±5.11 %）（P＜0.05）。两组患者治疗6个月后疼痛程度评分（2.11±0.33分、2.23±0.35分）显示其差异不显著（P＞0.05）。结论 经皮椎体成形术可缩小老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者的椎体后凸Cobb角，改善其椎体高度压缩程度，并可最大程度上缓解患者的疼痛感，提高患者临床治疗效果，且不会增加患者的不良反应发生率。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of vertebroplasty in treating elderly osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.
Methods 64 patients with elderly osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures who received treatment in our hospital (from January 2025 to January 2026) were selected and divided into two groups by random number table method. Control group: conservative treatment; observation group: vertebroplasty treatment. The differences in clinical total effective rate, incidence of adverse reactions, and Cobb angle of the vertebral body, compression rate of the vertebral body height, and pain score at different time periods (before treatment, 15 days after treatment, and 6 months after treatment) between the two groups were compared.
Results The clinical treatment effect of the observation group (93.75%) was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (6.25% and 12.50%) was not significant (P > 0.05). Before treatment, the Cobb angle of the vertebral body, compression rate of the vertebral body height, and pain score of the two groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Compared with the data of the control group after 15 days of treatment, the Cobb angle of the vertebral body, compression rate of the vertebral body height, and pain score of the observation group decreased (17.75 ± 1.71°, 19.01 ± 7.22%, 4.44 ± 1.11 points) (P < 0.05). Compared with the data of the control group after 6 months of treatment, the Cobb angle of the vertebral body and compression rate of the vertebral body height of the observation group decreased (18.22 ± 0.77°, 17.02 ± 5.11%) (P < 0.05). The pain score of the two groups after 6 months of treatment (2.11 ± 0.33 points, 2.23 ± 0.35 points) showed no significant difference (P > 0.05).
Conclusion   Percutaneous vertebroplasty can reduce the Cobb angle of the vertebral body in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, improve the compression degree of the vertebral body height, and can most effectively relieve the pain of patients, improve the clinical treatment effect, and does not increase the incidence of adverse reactions.