A cross-sectional study on the association between sleep characteristics and cognitive impairment in elderly hypertensive patients
老年高血压患者睡眠特征与认知障碍关联的横断面研究

摘要

目的 探讨老年高血压患者睡眠时长、午睡习惯与患者认知功能之间的关联。方法 依托浙江省老年人健康队列项目，于2023年5月-2023年12月期间，选取190例符合标准的老年高血压患者为研究对象，通过问卷调查收集其人口学资料、睡眠信息（总睡眠时长、午睡习惯），采用简易精神状态检查量表（MMSE）评估认知功能，采用多元线性回归模型分析睡眠特征对特定认知领域的影响。结果 多元线性回归分析表明，适中的睡眠时长是“注意力与计算力”、“回忆三个词”得分的独立保护因素。规律午睡习惯与更好的“地点定向力”相关。结论 在老年高血压人群中，适宜的夜间睡眠时长与更好的注意力和短时间记忆功能独立相关，规律午睡与空间定向能力有积极相关，良好的睡眠时长和睡眠模式可能对维护该人群的认知功能有积极帮助。

Abstract

Objective To explore the association between sleep duration, afternoon nap habits, and cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients.
Methods Based on the Zhejiang Province Elderly Health Cohort Project, from May 2023 to December 2023, 190 elderly hypertensive patients meeting the criteria were selected as the research subjects. Their demographic data and sleep information (total sleep duration, afternoon nap habits) were collected through questionnaires. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function, and a multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the impact of sleep characteristics on specific cognitive domains.
Results The multiple linear regression analysis showed that moderate sleep duration was an independent protective factor for “attention and calculation ability” and “recalling three words” scores. Regular afternoon nap habits were associated with better “location orientation ability”.
Conclusion   In elderly hypertensive patients, appropriate nighttime sleep duration is independently associated with better attention and short-term memory function, and regular afternoon naps have a positive correlation with spatial orientation ability. Good sleep duration and sleep patterns may have a positive impact on maintaining the cognitive function of this population.