Clinical classification of traumatic retinal injury and selection of treatment plans
外伤性眼底损伤的临床分型与治疗方案选择研究

摘要

目的 探讨外伤性眼底损伤的临床分型与治疗方案选择。方法 选取本院2025年1月-2025年12月期间收治的60例外伤性眼底损伤患者为研究对象开展回顾性研究。60例患者根据其接受治疗方案的不同被分为两组，即对照组（常规手术治疗）与观察组（手术联合药物治疗），每组各30例。对比两组患者的视力恢复情况、眼底结构恢复情况、并发症发生情况。结果 相较于对照组，观察组患者的并发症发生率显著更低（P＜0.05），且治疗后3个月、治疗后6个月的视力水平、视网膜复位率、黄斑裂孔闭合率、脉络膜破裂愈合率均更高（P＜0.05）。结论 对外伤性眼底损伤患者实施药物联合手术治疗方案，可有效改善其视力水平、促进眼底结构恢复，并降低并发症发生风险。在临床实践中，应根据患者的临床分型特点、病情严重程度等，选择最佳治疗方案。

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical classification of traumatic retinal injury and the selection of treatment plans.
Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 60 patients with traumatic fundus injuries admitted to our hospital from January to December 2025. The patients were divided into two groups based on their treatment regimens: the control group (conventional surgical treatment) and the observation group (surgery combined with medication), with 30 cases in each group. The visual recovery, fundus structure recovery, and complication rates were compared between the two groups.
Results Compared with the control group, the observation group exhibited a significantly lower complication rate (P < 0.05). Additionally, the visual acuity, retinal reattachment rate, macular hole closure rate, and choroidal rupture healing rate were significantly higher at 3 and 6 months post-treatment (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Implementing a drug combined with surgical treatment plan for patients with traumatic retinal injury can effectively improve their visual acuity, promote retinal structure recovery, and reduce the risk of complications. In clinical practice, the best treatment plan should be selected based on the clinical classification characteristics and severity of the patients.