Echocardiography and multislice spiral CT angiography in the diagnosis of a main pulmonary artery aneurysm: A case report
超声心动图及多层螺旋CT血管成像诊断主肺动脉瘤1例

摘要

肺动脉瘤临床罕见，病因复杂多样，其发病机制涉及血流动力学异常对血管壁的持续性损伤，导致血管壁结构破坏、中层薄弱，最终形成局部扩张。经胸超声心动图作为一种无创检查手段，能够实时、动态且全面地评估心脏功能，清晰显示肺动脉主干以及左、右肺动脉的扩张状况。多层螺旋CT血管成像则可精准判断动脉瘤的位置、尺寸、形态，以及是否存在血栓、钙化等情况，还能了解瘤壁及瘤体周围组织的状况。运用科学合理的诊断技术，有助于提高诊断的精准度，为临床治疗提供可靠指导，在稳定患者病情的同时，可推动患者预后的改善。本文报道1例因反复右上腹疼痛入院，后偶然发现肺动脉瘤的病例，对该病例的超声心动图及多层螺旋CT血管成像影像学资料展开分析，旨在为肺动脉瘤的诊断与治疗提供参考依据。

Abstract

Pulmonary aneurysms are extremely rare in clinical practice and have complex causes. The pathogenesis involves persistent damage to the vascular wall by hemodynamic abnormalities, leading to structural destruction of the vessel wall and weakness in the middle layer, ultimately resulting in local dilation. Transthoracic echocardiography, as a non-invasive examination method, can assess cardiac function in real time, dynamically, and comprehensively, clearly displaying the dilation of the main pulmonary artery and the left and right pulmonary arteries. Multi-slice spiral CT angiography can accurately determine the location, size, and shape of the aneurysm, as well as whether there are thrombi or calcifications, and can also understand the condition of the aneurysm wall and the surrounding tissues. By using scientific and reasonable diagnostic techniques, the accuracy of diagnosis can be improved, providing reliable guidance for clinical treatment, and at the same time, it can promote the improvement of the patient's prognosis. This article reports a case of a patient who was admitted due to repeated right upper abdominal pain and later accidentally discovered a pulmonary aneurysm. The echocardiographic and multi-slice spiral CT angiography imaging data of this case were analyzed to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary aneurysms.