Correlation analysis of staging of pediatric nephrotic syndrome and peripheral blood b lymphocyte subset distribution in the Ningxia region
宁夏地区儿童肾病综合征分期与外周血B淋巴细胞亚群分布特征的相关性分析

摘要

目的 探究宁夏地区儿童肾病综合征（NS）不同临床分期与外周血B淋巴细胞亚群分布的相关性。方法 选取2024年8月1日-2025年8月1日医院120例NS患儿，分为急性期组（68例）、缓解期组（52例），另取40例健康儿童为对照组。采用流式细胞术，以四色抗体检测CD3⁺CD8⁺、CD3⁺CD4⁺、CD3⁻CD19⁺、CD3⁻CD16⁺56⁺淋巴细胞亚群，重点分析CD3⁻CD19⁺B淋巴细胞亚群计数情况。结果 36例B淋巴细胞亚群计数正常，84例计数减少；其中B淋巴细胞亚群减少或缺如者均为急性期患儿，计数正常者为缓解期或急性期用药治疗中患儿。结论 宁夏地区NS患儿B淋巴细胞亚群分布异常，且与临床分期密切相关。

Abstract

Objective To explore the correlation between different clinical stages of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children in the Ningxia region and the distribution of peripheral blood B lymphocyte subsets.
Methods A total of 120 children with NS hospitalized from August 1, 2024, to August 1, 2025, were selected and divided into an acute phase group (68 cases) and a remission phase group (52 cases), with 40 healthy children as the control group. Flow cytometry with four-color antibodies was used to detect the lymphocyte subsets CD3⁺CD8⁺, CD3⁺CD4⁺, CD3⁻CD19⁺, and CD3⁻CD16⁺56⁺, with a focus on analyzing the count of CD3⁻CD19⁺ B lymphocyte subsets.
Results Among the children, 36 had normal B lymphocyte subset counts, while 84 had decreased or absent counts; notably, all children with decreased or absent B lymphocyte subsets were in the acute phase, while those with normal counts were in remission or under treatment during the acute phase.
Conclusion   Children with NS in the Ningxia region exhibit abnormal B lymphocyte subset distribution, which is closely related to the clinical stage.