A study on the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine and chloral hydrate combined with dexmedetomidine in pediatric sedation
右美托咪定和水合氯醛复合右美托咪定在小儿镇静的安全性和有效性的研究

摘要

目的 研究右美托咪定和水合氯醛复合右美托咪定在小儿镇静的安全性和有效性。方法 本研究选取我院接受入院治疗且符合美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ级标准、有诊疗前镇静需求的160例患儿作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将其均衡分配至A组（80例，实施右美托咪定经鼻给药方案）与B组（80例，实施水合氯醛直肠给药联合右美托咪定经鼻给药方案）。对两组的干预效果进行对比分析。结果 在镇静效果与效率方面，B组患儿的镇静起效时间较A组显著缩短，且其镇静成功率显著高于A组（P＜0.05）。而在生命体征稳定性方面，两组患儿在给药前、镇静操作完成后及苏醒后的平均动脉压、心率、呼吸频率以及血氧饱和度等指标对比，均未呈现出统计学差异（P＞0.05）。结论 在小儿镇静中实施水合氯醛直肠给药联合右美托咪定经鼻给药，可显著缩短镇静起效时长，并提高镇静成功率。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine and chloral hydrate combined with dexmedetomidine for pediatric sedation.
Methods This study selected 160 children admitted to our hospital who met the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification standards (Class I and II) and required pre-procedural sedation. Using a random number table method, they were evenly divided into Group A (80 cases, receiving intranasal dexmedetomidine) and Group B (80 cases, receiving rectal chloral hydrate combined with intranasal dexmedetomidine). The intervention effects of both groups were compared and analyzed.
Results In terms of sedation efficacy and efficiency, Group B demonstrated significantly shorter onset time and higher sedation success rate compared to Group A (P < 0.05). Regarding hemodynamic stability, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation before administration, after sedation, and upon awakening (P > 0.05).
Conclusion   The combination of rectal chloral hydrate and intranasal dexmedetomidine in pediatric sedation significantly reduces the onset time and improves the success rate of sedation.