Evaluation of the effect of intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for preoperative sedation in children undergoing adenoidectomy
右美托咪定与咪达唑仑经鼻给药用于小儿腺样体切除术术前镇静的效果评价

摘要

目的 探究右美托咪定与咪达唑仑经鼻给药用于小儿腺样体切除术术前镇静的效果。方法 选择2022年3月-2025年3月期间医院接收的小儿腺样体切除术患者76例作为研究对象，随机分为观察组（右美托咪定经鼻给药）与对照组（咪达唑仑经鼻给药），比较两组的镇静效果、呼吸循环功能指标以及不良反应发生率。结果 观察组镇静效果（4.28±0.31分）高于对照组，心率、气道压力（87.63±5.15次/min、17.98±0.85cmH₂O）高于对照组，呼气末二氧化碳分压、动脉血氧饱和度（29.67±3.73P_ETCO₂、97.63±5.14SpO₂）低于对照组，且不良反应发生率（2.63%）低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 右美托咪定经鼻给药用于小儿腺样体切除术术前镇静的效果明显，可有效提高镇静效果，稳定患者的呼吸循环功能指标，降低不良反应发生率，值得广泛推广与应用。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for preoperative sedation in children undergoing adenoidectomy.
Methods 76 pediatric patients who underwent adenoidectomy in the hospital from March 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into an observation group (intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine) and a control group (intranasal administration of midazolam). The sedative effect, respiratory and circulatory function indicators, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
Results The sedative effect of the observation group (4.28±0.31 points) was higher than that of the control group, and the heart rate and airway pressure (87.63±5.15 beats/min, 17.98±0.85cmH₂O) were higher than those of the control group. The end tidal carbon dioxide pressure and arterial oxygen saturation (29.67±3.73P_ETCO₂, 97.63±5.14SpO₂) were lower than those of the control group, and the incidence of adverse reactions (2.63%) was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Nasal administration of dexmedetomidine has a significant effect on preoperative sedation in children undergoing adenoidectomy, which can effectively improve the sedative effect, stabilize the patient's respiratory and circulatory function indicators, and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. It is worthy of wide promotion and application.