One case of esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding caused by portal vein cavernous transformation
门静脉海绵样变致食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血1例

摘要

目的 深入剖析门静脉海绵样变引发消化道出血的临床特征，并梳理该疾病的治疗方法，强化临床医生对该疾病的认识。方法 选取1例门静脉海绵样变致消化道出血的患者，详细收集其临床资料，全面总结该病例的临床表现，阐述诊断过程所采用的各项检查手段及依据，同时归纳所采取的治疗方法。结果 该患者经对症及内镜治疗后出血控制、贫血改善，会诊建议转上级医院行Rex转流术解除门静脉高压。结论 门静脉海绵样变是食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的罕见病因，鉴于其病情特点，仅依靠保守治疗难以根治，最终往往需要借助手术治疗来解除门静脉高压，预防再出血，改善患者预后。

Abstract

Objective In-depth analyze clinical features of esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding due to portal vein cavernous transformation and clarify treatment strategies to enhance clinicians' understanding.
Methods Choose a patient with portal vein cavernous transformation-induced gastrointestinal bleeding, collect detailed clinical data, summarize case manifestations, clarify diagnostic examination methods and criteria, and outline treatment approaches.
Results After symptomatic and endoscopic care, bleeding control and anemia amelioration occurred. Consultation suggested transfer to a higher-level hospital for Rex bypass to relieve portal hypertension.
Conclusion   Sponge-like portal vein change is a rare cause of esophageal-gastric variceal bleeding. Given its condition's traits, conservative treatment alone rarely cures it; surgical intervention is often needed to relieve portal hypertension, prevent rebleeding, and enhance prognosis.