摘要
目的 探究妇科门诊患者HPV感染亚型分布特征及相关危险因素。方法 选取2022年12月至2023年12月于我院妇科门诊就诊的50例患者，采用基因芯片技术进行HPV检测及分型，分析感染亚型分布，并通过问卷调查收集年龄、性生活史、生育史、避孕方式等资料，运用统计学方法分析相关危险因素。结果 HPV总感染率为25%，高危型感染以HPV16、HPV52、HPV58最为常见，低危型以HPV6、HPV11为主。单因素及多因素分析表明，性生活开始年龄早、性伴侣数量多、多次流产史、使用避孕套不规范是HPV感染的独立危险因素。结论 了解HPV感染亚型分布及危险因素，有助于针对性开展宫颈癌筛查与预防工作。
关键词： 人乳头瘤病毒；感染亚型；危险因素；妇科门诊
Abstract
Objective To explore the distribution characteristics and related risk factors of HPV infection subtypes in gynecological outpatient patients. Methods 50 patients who visited our gynecology clinic from December 2022 to December 2023 were selected for HPV testing and typing using gene chip technology. The distribution of infection subtypes was analyzed, and age, sexual history, reproductive history, contraceptive methods, and other data were collected through questionnaire surveys. Statistical methods were used to analyze relevant risk factors. Results The total HPV infection rate was 25%, with high-risk types being HPV 16, HPV 52, and HPV 58, and low-risk types being HPV 6 and HPV 11. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicate that early onset of sexual activity, multiple sexual partners, history of multiple miscarriages, and improper use of condoms are independent risk factors for HPV infection. Conclusion Understanding the distribution and risk factors of HPV infection subtypes is helpful for targeted screening and prevention of cervical cancer.
Key words： Human papillomavirus; Subtypes of infection; Risk factors; Gynecological Clinic
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