摘要
目的 分析本地区儿童细菌性社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的病原分布及耐药性。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月-2022年12月间在重庆市合川区人民医院住院，痰培养检出细菌的602例CAP儿童患者的临床资料、痰培养及药敏试验结果。结果 主要检出菌：流感嗜血杆菌186例（30.1%），金黄色葡萄球菌138例（22.9%），肺炎链球菌96例（15.9%），卡他莫拉菌91例（15.1%），大肠埃希菌43例（7.1%）。婴儿中金黄色葡萄球菌检出率最高（36.3%），幼儿流感嗜血杆菌检出率最高（35.7%）。冬春两季均以流感嗜血杆菌检出率（38.3%、45.8%）检出率最高。本地区检出菌耐药率总体较低。结论 阿莫西林、阿莫西林／克拉维酸钾或第三代头孢菌素仍能覆盖大部分细菌。
关键词： 社区获得性肺炎；细菌；儿童；流行病学
Abstract
Objective we analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of bacterias in children with community acquired pneumonia(CAP) to inform the choice of antimicrobials for local empiric therapy. Method Clinical data, bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility test results were collected in 602 hospitalized children who were diagnosed with CAP in the People's Hospital of Hechuan from January, 2021 to December, 2022. Result Haemophilus influenzae (30.1%), staphylococcus aureus (22.9%), streptococcus pneumoniae (15.9%), Moraxella catarrhalis (15.1%), E.coli (7.1%) were detected in this study.SA (36.3%)were the main pathogen in infants while HI (35.7%) in young children <3 years old. The detection rate of Haemophilus influenzae was the highest in winter and spring. The overall drug resistance rate of bacteria in this area was low. Conclusion Amoxicillin, amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium, the 3 generation cephalosporins were sensitive to most bacteria.
Key words： community acquired pneumonia; bacteria; children; epidemiology
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