摘要
目的 研究可控负压吸引鞘联合软性输尿管镜钬激光碎石治疗﹤3cm肾结石的有效性及安全性。方法 选取2019年12月至2023年12月共3年间在亭湖区人民医院确诊的肾结石患者，最大径<3cm，根据治疗方式分为观察组与对照组。观察组患者57例，应用可控负压吸引鞘联合软性输尿管镜钬激光碎石行碎石取石术；对照组54例，单独应用软性输尿管镜钬激光碎石取石术。分析比较两组之间的即刻清石率、碎石时间以及术后并发症发生率等数据。结果 观察组患者手术时间、碎石时间及双J管留置时间平均值明显低于对照组，有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。观察组患者的即刻清石率、住院时间等数据与对照组相比，无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。观察组病例术后感染发生率低于对照组，有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。两组患者术后随访3个月，复查均未见明显结石残留。结论 可控负压吸引鞘联合软性输尿管镜治疗﹤3cm肾结石，具有术后置管时间短、手术时间短、并发症低等的优势，且安全高效。
关键词： 可控负压吸引鞘；输尿管软镜；肾结石；并发症
Abstract
Objective To study the efficacy and safety of controlled negative pressure suction sheathing combined with flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy in the treatment of kidney stones <3cm. Methods Patients with kidney stones diagnosed in Tinghu District People's Hospital during 3 years from December 2019 to December 2023, with the largest diameter <3cm, were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to treatment methods. Observation group 57 patients, controlled negative pressure suction sheath combined with flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy lithotripsy. In control group, 54 patients were treated with flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy alone. The data of immediate stone removal rate, lithotripsy time and postoperative complications between the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results The average operation time, lithotriptic time and indentation time of double J tube in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between observation group and control group in immediate stone removal rate and hospital stay (P > 0.05). The incidence of postoperative infection in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05). Patients in both groups were followed up for 3 months after surgery, and no significant stone residue was found in the review. Conclusion Controlled negative pressure suction sheath combined with flexible ureteroscopy for the treatment of kidney stones <3cm has the advantages of short postoperative catheterization time, short operation time and low complications, and is safe and efficient.
Key words： Controllable negative pressure suction sheath; Ureteroscope; Kidney stones; Complication
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